Step 1: Obtain reCAPTCHA v3 credentials
Access Google reCAPTCHA page:
Visit Google reCAPTCHA admin console.
Log in with your Google account if necessary.
Register your website:
Click on “V3” at the top to register a new key for reCAPTCHA v3.
Fill out the form with your project name and domains where reCAPTCHA will be used.
Get site keys:
After registering your site, Google will provide two keys: the site key and the secret key. These keys are essential for integrating reCAPTCHA v3 into your web application.
Step 2: Setup in your Next.js application
Install necessary npm package:
Create a reCAPTCHA component:
Create a React component in your Next.js project to handle reCAPTCHA v3 logic.
import { useEffect } from ‘react‘;
import { useGoogleReCaptcha } from ‘react-google-recaptcha-v3‘;
const Recaptcha = ({ onVerify }) => {
const { executeRecaptcha } = useGoogleReCaptcha();
useEffect(() => {
const verifyCallback = async () => {
if (executeRecaptcha) {
const token = await executeRecaptcha();
onVerify(token); // Send token to backend or handle verification here
}
};
verifyCallback();
}, [executeRecaptcha, onVerify]);
return null; // This component doesn’t render anything visible in the DOM
};
export default Recaptcha;
Integrate the component into your form:
import Recaptcha from ‘../components/Recaptcha‘;
const ContactPage = () => {
const handleRecaptchaVerify = (token) => {
console.log(‘reCAPTCHA Token:‘, token);
// Send token to server for verification
};
return (
<div>
{/* Your form goes here */}
<form>
{/* Other form fields */}
<Recaptcha onVerify={handleRecaptchaVerify} />
<button type=“submit”>Submit</button>
</form>
</div>
);
};
export default ContactPage;
Server-side setup:
In your backend (Node.js, Python, PHP, etc.), verify the reCAPTCHA v3 token using the provided secret key from Google.
Differences between reCAPTCHA v2 and reCAPTCHA v3
Interaction mode:
reCAPTCHA v2: Requires users to solve a visible challenge like selecting images or entering text.
reCAPTCHA v3: Operates in the background and evaluates user behavior to provide a risk score.
Visibility for users:
reCAPTCHA v2: Is visible to users as it presents an explicit challenge.
reCAPTCHA v3: Is invisible to users, working behind the scenes without requiring explicit user interaction.
Use of scores:
reCAPTCHA v2: Does not generate a score; it only validates correct challenge responses.
reCAPTCHA v3: Provides a score from 0.0 to 1.0 indicating the likelihood that the user is a bot.
Implementation:
reCAPTCHA v2: Requires including a widget in the form and backend verification.
reCAPTCHA v3: Integrates via a frontend API, with primary verification done on the backend using the secret key.
Additional considerations
Handling null in executeRecaptcha: You may encounter cases where executeRecaptcha could be null temporarily, especially during component initialization. Here’s how to handle it:
useEffect(() => {
const verifyCallback = async () => {
if (executeRecaptcha) {
const token = await executeRecaptcha();
onVerify(token); // Send token to backend or handle verification here
}
};
if (executeRecaptcha !== null) {
verifyCallback();
}
}, [executeRecaptcha, onVerify]);
Additional References: For more technical details or troubleshooting specific issues, you can refer to the official Google documentation for reCAPTCHA v3 or explore additional resources within the developer community.
This guide provides a solid foundation for effectively integrating reCAPTCHA v3 into your Next.js application, enhancing both security and user experience simultaneously.
