Use of distint
Before the 1st column name
avoids duplicate data in column
can not be used twice on one table
Use of q and [], ()
words in side having
Select from dual;
an unexisting table that can be used
Column aliases
eg select first_name name;
select first_name as name;
select first_name AS name;
Concatenation using ||
select first_name || ‘ ‘ || last_name as “full name”